Pubblicazione scientifica

Prospective aquatic risk assessment for chemical mixtures in agricultural landscapes

FILONE TECNOLOGICO	TEMA
produzione e raccolta

RIASSUNTO

Abstract

Environmental risk assessment of chemical mixtures is challenging because of the multitude of possible combinations that may occur. Aquatic risk from chemical mixtures in an agricultural landscape was evaluated prospectively in 2 exposure scenario case studies: at field scale for a program of 13 plant‐protection products applied annually for 20 yr and at a watershed scale for a mixed land‐use scenario over 30 yr with 12 plant‐protection products and 2 veterinary pharmaceuticals used for beef cattle. Risk quotients were calculated from regulatory exposure models with typical real‐world use patterns and regulatory acceptable concentrations for individual chemicals. The results could differentiate situations when there was concern associated with single chemicals from those when concern was associated with a mixture (based on concentration addition) with no single chemical triggering concern. Potential mixture risk was identified on 0.02 to 7.07% of the total days modeled, depending on the scenario, the taxa, and whether considering acute or chronic risk. Taxa at risk were influenced by receiving water body characteristics along with chemical use profiles and associated properties. The present study demonstrates that a scenario‐based approach can be used to determine whether mixtures of chemicals pose risks over and above any identified using existing approaches for single chemicals, how often and to what magnitude, and ultimately which mixtures (and dominant chemicals) cause greatest concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:674–689. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

DATA

Data di pubblicazione: 12/02/2018

AUTORI

HOLMES CHRISTOPHER M
BROWN COLIN D
HAMER MICK
JONES RUSSELL
MALTBY LORRAINE
POSTHUMA LEO
SILBERHORN ERIC
TEETER JEROLD SCOTT
WARNE MICHAEL ST J
WELTJE LENNART

ENTE DI AFFERENZA

BASF SE Crop Protection–Ecotoxicology Limburgerhof Germany
WATERBORNE ENVIRONMENTAL LEESBURG VIRGINIA USA
ENVIRONMENT DEPT UNIV YORK HESLINGTON YORK UK
SYNGENTA JEALOTTS HILL BRACKNELL UK
BAYER CROPSCIENCE RSCH TRIANGLE PARK NORTH CAROLINA USA
DEPT ANIMAL & PLANT SCIENCES UNIV SHEFFIELD SHEFFIELD UK
NATL INST PUBLIC HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT RIVM CTR SUSTAINABILITY ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH BILTHOVEN NETHERLANDS
RADBOUD UNIV DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE INST WETLAND & WATER RSCH FACULTY OF SCIENCE RADBOUD UNIV NIJMEGEN NETHERLANDS
US FOOD & DRUG ADMIN CTR VETERINARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MARYLAND
ELANCO ANIMAL HEALTH GREENFIELD INDIANA USA
CTR AGROECOLOGY WATER & RESILIENCE COVENTRY UNIV COVENTRY WEST MIDLANDS UK

RIVISTA

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 37(3), 674-689

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