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Lead Exposure in Low and Middle-Income Countries: Perspectives and Lessons on Patterns, Injustices, Economics, and Politics

Lead exposure is a legacy issue that continues to affect vulnerable population groups globally, but particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICS). We take a multi-disciplinary approach to examine the patterns of lead exposure in these countries, discuss the underlying injustices and socio-political ...

Weld Fume Safety Practices for Shipbuilders

Shipbuilding often requires welders to work in tight or enclosed spaces, such as inside ship hulls or fuel tanks. This can make controlling weld fumes and keeping them out of the welder's breathing zone difficult. In this paper, we'll explore the dangers of weld smoke, the special challenges of controlling ...

The Interaction of Ships with Wind - Current Practice and Future Possibilities

Ships interact with the environment in several ways. The focus in this paper is on how ships interact with the wind and how this is treated in design. It is generally sufficient in most cases to model wind force as a static load. However, there may be circumstances where a more detailed description ...

DNA metabarcoding unveils multiscale trophic variation in a widespread coastal opportunist

Abstract A thorough understanding of ecological networks relies on comprehensive information on trophic relationships among species. Since unpicking the diet of many organisms is unattainable using traditional morphology‐based approaches, the application of high‐throughput sequencing methods represents ...

A novel FISH technique for labeling the chromosomes of dinoflagellates in suspension

Dinoflagellates possess some of the largest known genomes. However, the study of their chromosomes is complicated by their similar size and their inability to be distinguished by traditional banding techniques. Dinoflagellate chromosomes lack nucleosomes and are present in a liquid crystalline state. ...

Visualization of the impatiens downy mildew pathogen using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Background Plasmopara obducens is the biotrophic oomycete responsible for impatiens downy mildew, a destructive disease of Impatiens that causes high crop loss. Currently, there are no available methods for the microscopic detection of P. obducens from leaves of impatiens, which may be contributing ...

Which Genes in a Typical Intertidal Seagrass (Zostera japonica) Indicate Copper-, Lead-, and Cadmium Pollution?

Healthy seagrasses are considered a prime indicator of estuarine and coastal ecosystem function; however, as the only group of flowering plants recolonizing the sea, seagrasses are frequently exposed to anthropogenic heavy metal pollutants, which are associated with high levels of molecular damage. ...

Wild jackdaws are wary of objects that violate expectations of animacy

Nature is composed of self-propelled, animate agents and inanimate objects. Laboratory studies have shown that human infants and a few species discriminate between animate and inanimate objects. This ability is assumed to have evolved to support social cognition and filial imprinting, but its ecological ...

Species diversity of drifting fish eggs in the Yangtze River using molecular identification

The dam constructions greatly changed the hydrologic conditions in the Yangtze River, and then significantly affected the spawning activities of indigenous river fish. Monitoring the species composition of drifting eggs during spawning season is important for protection issues. In this study, we have ...

Change in singing behavior of humpback whales caused by shipping noise

Reactions of singing behavior of individual humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to a specific shipping noise were examined. Two autonomous recorders separated by 3.0 km were used for the acoustic monitoring of each individual song sequence. A passenger-cargo liner was operated once per day, and ...

Predicted distribution of the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesi on the Scotian Shelf and its persistence in the face of climatic variability

Emerald Basin on the Scotian Shelf off Nova Scotia, Canada, is home to a globally unique aggregation of the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesi, first documented in the region in 1889. In 2009, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) implemented two Sponge Conservation Areas to protect these sponge grounds from ...

Climate based multi-year predictions of the Barents Sea cod stock

Predicting fish stock variations on interannual to decadal time scales is one of the major issues in fisheries science and management. Although the field of marine ecological predictions is still in its infancy, it is understood that a major source of multi-year predictability resides in the ocean. ...

Identification of a novel nidovirus as a potential cause of large scale mortalities in the endangered Bellinger River snapping turtle (Myuchelys georgesi)

In mid-February 2015, a large number of deaths were observed in the sole extant population of an endangered species of freshwater snapping turtle, Myuchelys georgesi, in a coastal river in New South Wales, Australia. Mortalities continued for approximately 7 weeks and affected mostly adult animals. ...

Successful cryopreservation of coral larvae using vitrification and laser warming

Climate change has increased the incidence of coral bleaching events, resulting in the loss of ecosystem function and biodiversity on reefs around the world. As reef degradation accelerates, the need for innovative restoration tools has become acute. Despite past successes with ultra-low temperature ...

Effects of inconsistent reporting, regulation changes and market demand on abundance indices of sharks caught by pelagic longliners off southern Africa

The assumption of a proportional relationship between catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and the abundance of sharks caught by pelagic longliners is tenuous when based on fisher logbooks that report only retained specimens. Nevertheless, commercial logbooks and landings statistics are often the only data ...

Oyster Farming, Temperature, and Plankton Influence the Dynamics of Pathogenic Vibrios in the Thau Lagoon

Vibrio species have been associated with recurrent mass mortalities of juvenile oysters Crassostrea gigas threatening oyster farming worldwide. However, knowledge of the ecology of pathogens in affected oyster farming areas remains scarce. Specifically, there are no data regarding (i) the environmental ...

Dietary Genistein Alleviates Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Inflammatory Response in Laying Hens With Fatty Liver Syndrome

This study investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of dietary genistein (GEN) on fatty liver syndrome (FLS) in laying hens. Hens in the control group (CG) were fed a high-energy and low-choline (HELC) diet to establish the FLS model. The livers of the FLS hens were friable and swollen ...

Cetobacterium Is a Major Component of the Microbiome of Giant Amazonian Fish (Arapaima gigas) in Ecuador

Simple Summary Arapaima gigas is a large, air-breathing, giant fish found in Amazonian rivers, a characteristic that gives this species an advantage in oxygen-deprived waters. It has a very attractive potential for aquaculture in the Amazon region due to its many advantages, including a fast growth ...

Highly Continuous Genome Assembly of Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis) Using Linked-Read Sequencing

The Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) is the most common fish of the Percidae family and is widely distributed across Eurasia. Perch is a popular target for professional and recreational fisheries, and a promising freshwater aquaculture species in Europe. However, despite its high ecological, economical ...

Host‐derived population genomics data provides insights into bacterial and diatom composition of the killer whale skin

Abstract Recent exploration into the interactions and relationship between hosts and their microbiota has revealed a connection between many aspects of the host's biology, health and associated micro‐organisms. Whereas amplicon sequencing has traditionally been used to characterize the microbiome, ...

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